The tectonics and volcanism of Venus: New modes facilitated by realistic crustal rheology and intrusive magmatism

To explain Venus' young surface age and lack of plate tectonics, tectonic regime has often been proposed to be either an episodic-lid with global lithospheric overturns, or equilibrium resurfacing numerous volcanic activities. Here, we use 2-D thermochemical convection models realistic parameters, including rheology (dislocation creep, diffusion plastic yielding), experiment-based plagioclase (An$_{75}$) crustal rheology, intrusive magmatism, investigate the tectonics mantle evolution Venus. We find that is strongly affected by rheology. With a ''weak'' plagioclase-rheology crust, exhibit episodic overturns but continuously high mobility distributed strain rates between leading new name ''deformable lid''. On other hand, olivine-crustal-rheology standard i.e. during near zero stagnant-lid near-zero over entire model time. Also, combination dislocation creep can weaken lithosphere sufficiently facilitate without applying yielding. Internally, composition-dependent density profile results in ''basalt barrier'' at transition zone, which affects evolution. Only strong plumes penetrate this basalt barrier cause overturns. This also causes internal generate models, suggests mechanism (we it ''stagnant episodic-volcanic-resurfacing'') does not involve